📄 Category

obstetrics and gynecology

49 papers

Obstetrics and gynecology encompasses the vital care of women's health throughout life, from reproductive wellness and pregnancy to menopause and beyond. This dynamic field explores the complex biological processes of childbirth, the prevention of diseases affecting female reproductive organs, and the latest advancements in maternal safety. It is a discipline deeply rooted in both immediate clinical impact and long-term public health strategies.

On Gist.Science, we continuously monitor medRxiv for the newest preprints in this category, ensuring you have instant access to cutting-edge research before formal publication. Our team processes every new submission to provide both detailed technical summaries and clear, plain-language explanations, making these complex studies understandable for everyone from specialists to curious readers.

Below are the latest papers in obstetrics and gynecology, offering fresh insights into the future of women's healthcare.

📄 obstetrics and gynecology

Modeling cycle phases using hormone trajectories in women with and without polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome

This study utilizes self-tracked urinary hormone data to develop an autoregressive Hidden Markov model that accurately maps menstrual cycle phases, revealing distinct hormonal differences in women with polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS) and demonstrating the model's potential for non-invasive PMOS screening and improved clinical testing protocols.

Stujenske, T. M., Bouchard, T. P., Troy, A., Kelemen, S., Folino, B., Wills, T., Sugden, L. A.2026-06-04
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

Machine Learning Estimation of Gestational Age at Delivery Using Linked Mother-Infant Electronic Health Records Across Two Health Systems

This study demonstrates that supervised machine learning models trained on linked mother-infant electronic health records can accurately and generalizably estimate gestational age at delivery across different health systems, providing a robust framework to support large-scale maternal and neonatal health research.

Bejan, C. A., Yang, X., Pham, A., Qassem, L., Abraham, A. A., Choi, L., Rosenbloom, S. T., Gamire, L. X., Phillips, E. J (…)2026-05-25
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

What outcome information do women need to support an informed choice between planning a vaginal or caesarean birth? - a consensus study.

Through a three-phase consensus process involving systematic reviews, a Delphi survey, and stakeholder meetings, this study identified 62 priority maternal and child outcomes to be included in a decision aid that supports informed choices between planned vaginal and caesarean births.

Ekong, A., Nicoll, A., Locock, L., Fairley, T., Devane, D., McDonagh Hull, P., Braithwaite, L., Ade, M., Hidvegi, I., Sa (…)2026-05-17
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

WITHDRAWN: Longitudinal antenatal care quality and postpartum health: findings from a prospective cohort study in Ethiopia, India, Kenya and South Africa

This manuscript regarding longitudinal antenatal care quality and postpartum health in Ethiopia, India, Kenya, and South Africa has been withdrawn by the authors to finalize their work and should not be cited.

Arsenault, C., Chaudhry, M., Mebratie, A. D., Nzinga, J., Jarhyan, P., Mohan, S., Haile Mariam, D., Mugenya, I., Amboko (…)2026-05-14
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

Cohort Profile: Investigation into Biomarkers to Predict Preterm Birth (INSIGHT) -- a Prospective Pregnancy Cohort Focused on Preterm Birth in the United Kingdom

The INSIGHT study is a large, prospective UK cohort that established a deeply phenotyped dataset of 2,272 pregnant women to identify early biomarkers for spontaneous preterm birth by integrating multi-omic analyses of the innate immune response, vaginal microbiome, and host biology, ultimately demonstrating that maternal plasma cfRNA and combined biological markers can predict risk months before clinical presentation.

Jackson, R., Valensin, C., Chin-Smith, E., Suff, N., Shennan, A. H., Hezelgrave, N. L., Tribe, R. M.2026-04-11
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

A Randomized Controlled Trial of N-Acetylcysteine in the Treatment of Early-Onset Preeclampsia: Study Protocol

This study protocol outlines a double-blind, randomized controlled trial in Lagos, Nigeria, designed to evaluate whether daily oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can delay the progression of early-onset preeclampsia to severe disease compared to a placebo, potentially offering a safe and affordable intervention for resource-constrained settings.

Okunade, K. S., ADEJIMI, A. A., ADENEKAN, M. A., ADEMUYIWA, I. Y., Adelabu, H., HABEEBU-ADEYEMI, F. M., SOIBI-HARRY, A. (…)2026-04-08
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Cesarean Delivery Across Insurance Types, United States, 2014-2024

This population-based study of over 41 million U.S. births from 2014 to 2024 reveals that racial and ethnic disparities in cesarean delivery rates persist independently of insurance status, with non-Hispanic Black women facing the highest risks across all coverage types and the most significant absolute disparities observed among the uninsured.

Akinyemi, O., Fasokun, M., Singleton, D., Ogunyankin, F., Khalil, S., Gordon, K., Michael, M., Hughes, K., Luo, G., Laws (…)2026-04-06
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

Genetic liability to endometriosis and pregnancy outcomes: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study with maternal-fetal effect decomposition

This two-sample Mendelian randomization study with maternal-fetal effect decomposition provides robust evidence that genetic liability to endometriosis causally increases the risk of placenta praevia through maternal pathways, while suggesting that previously observed associations with other adverse pregnancy outcomes are likely driven by confounding factors rather than direct causality.

Vibert, J., Cheng, T. S., Magnus, M. C., Aiton, L., Kutalik, Z., Baud, D., Lawlor, D. A., Borges, M. C., Pluchino, N.2026-04-06
📄 obstetrics and gynecology

Exploring Undergraduates' Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of Infertility in Osun State University: A mixed method study

This mixed-method study of 300 undergraduates at Osun State University reveals that students possess low knowledge and predominantly negative attitudes toward male infertility, which are significantly influenced by academic level, faculty, and formal education, highlighting the urgent need for gender-inclusive health education to address cultural misconceptions.

Adeyemo, S. C., Awodele, K., Waliu, A. T., Fasanu, A. O., Akinbowale, B. T., Adeniyi, V. A., Folami, R., Akinwale, O. D. (…)2026-04-01